View source for Lab-Scale Extrusion

== Introduction ==
A laboratory-scale extrusion capability was developed at the Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems (Ms State U) to extrude billets of upto 1.5" length and 1.25" diameter using various die configurations ranging from simple circular solid profile to hollow pipe profile. An existing Instron 8850 test center was adapted for this purpose. Load at billet-die interface was recorded by a load cell while temperature on tooling components was measured by 4 K-type thermocouples - two each on sleeve and die.

=== Test setup ===
A schematic of the fixture is shown below. 

[[File:JPEG Lab-Scale Fixture_QUALITY.jpg |450px|thumb|center| Schematic of the laboratory-scale extrusion fixture]]

=== Die geometries ===

{|
|-
|[[File:JPEG_Flat-die_geometry.jpg|250px|thumb|center| Flat die]]
|[[File:JPEG_Conical_die_geometry.jpg|250px|thumb|center| Conical die]]
|-
|}

=== Test Matrix ===
{| class="wikitable" border="1" align="center"
|+ Test Matrix for AZ61 billets
|-
! Test Name
! AZ61 Billet <br> Configuration
! align="center" width="150px"|Extrusion <br>Ratio
! Billet <br>Temperature (deg. C)
! Ram <br>Velocity (mm/min.)
! Die <br>Type
! Bearing <br>diameter (inches)
|-
| Test 1
| Cylindrical
| align="center" width="150px"|6.25
| align="center" width="150px"|460
| align="center" width="150px"|5
| '''Conical'''
| align="center" width="150px"|0.5
|-
| Test 2
| '''Cylindrical <br>with pocket'''
| align="center" width="150px"|6.25
| align="center" width="150px"|460
| align="center" width="150px"|5
| '''Conical'''
| align="center" width="150px"|0.5
|}
<br>
{| class="wikitable" border="1" align="center"
|+ Test Matrix for AM30 billets
|-
! Test Name
! align="center" width="150px"| Extrusion Ratio
! Billet <br>Temperature (deg. C)
! Ram <br> Velocity (mm/min.)
! Die Type
! Bearing <br> diameter (inches)
|-
| AM30_Test-1
| align="center" width="150px"| 25 
| align="center" width="150px"|455
| align="center" width="150px"|5
| '''Flat die'''
| align="center" width="150px"|0.25
|-
| AM30_Test-2
| align="center" width="150px"| 25
| align="center" width="150px"|455
| align="center" width="150px"|10
| '''Flat die'''
| align="center" width="150px"|0.25
|-
| AM30_Test-3
| align="center" width="150px"| 25
| align="center" width="150px"|455
| align="center" width="150px"|15
| '''Flat die'''
| align="center" width="150px"|0.25
|-
| AM30_Test-4
| align="center" width="150px"| 25
| align="center" width="150px"|455
| align="center" width="150px"|20
| '''Flat die'''
| align="center" width="150px"|0.25
|-
| AM30_Test-5
| align="center" width="150px"| 25
| align="center" width="150px"|455
| align="center" width="150px"|30
| '''Flat die'''
| align="center" width="150px"|0.25
|}

=== Results ===
The load and temperature histories recorded in the experimental trials are presented below for AZ61 and AM30 billets.

[[File:JPEG AZ61 Experimental Result.jpg |400px|thumb|center| Experimental load and temperature history obtained from AZ61 extrusion experiments]]
<br>
[[File:JPEG_AM30_Experimental_Result_TEST1_and_Test2.jpg |400px|thumb|center| Experimental load and temperature history obtained from AM30 extrusion experiments]]




[[Category: Extrusion]]